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Linux Cryptography Cheat Sheet by

Simple guide to cryptography

OpenSSL

Command
Purpose
 
openssl version
Version
 
openssl rand -hex 16
Generate random data
 
openssl dgst -sha256 FILE
SHA-256 digest
 
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -text -noout
View certif­icate
 
openssl s_client -connect host:443
Inspect server certif­icate

Hashing

Command
Purpose
 
md5sum FILE
MD5 hash
 
sha1sum FILE
SHA-1 hash
 
sha256sum FILE
SHA-256 hash
 
sha512sum FILE
SHA-512 hash
 
sha256 sum -c file.s­ha256
Verify checksum
 

GPG

Command
Purpose
 
gpg --gen-key
Generate key
 
gpg -e FILE
Encrypt
 
gpg --list­-keys
List keys
 
gpg --verify FILE.sig
Verify signature
 

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  • Published: 9th August, 2026

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